Encounter With Tall Nightcrawler Aka "Sisiutl" , "A'yahos", "sʔi:ɬqəý̓", Horned Serpent/Plumed Serpent/Deer Serpent/Double Headed Horned Serpent/Feathered Serpent/Nightcrawler/Wendigo/Demon (Supernatural Shapeshiftng Serpent Spirit) (Lower mainland/Fraser Valley, B.C Canada, Seen in 5 acre forest at night in the northwest rural part of my city)
This experience was the only paranormal experience I've ever had, probably the only one that I will ever have in my life and was one of the two most spiritual/terrifying experiences I have ever had. I am 26 years old, this experience still scares me to this day, I will never forget walking out of that forest that night and I will remember it for the rest of my life. I've looked all over google, the internet and reddit for encounters that were like ours and i've found absolutely no encounters detailing exactly what I have described us witnessing and me feeling.
I am already well aware of the Nightcrawler videos, I wasn't aware of the videos till a couple years after our encounter/experience. I have seen the Fresno Nightcrawler videos many times, the movements looked way more terrfying and "psychedelic" in real life compared to the videos, and it looked a lot more ghostly/spirit like. It was visually stunning/haunting compared to the videos and something you would have to witness/experience for yourself. The one we saw stayed in the same exact spot the whole time we saw it. It did not walk anywhere like the ones in the videos and there were some differences in appearance. The white texture and soft silent movement of it "in person" looked identical to what is seen in the Ghosts of Gettysburg video and the Yosemite Nightcrawler Video.
Here is a screenshot of the 5 acre forest located behind my friends old house with the spots marked out where we approximately were and where we saw the Tall White Being. https://imgur.com/KZFEGdb
Here are the rough sketches I made of "exactly" what the Tall White "Supernatural Being" looked like: https://imgur.com/a/5jAef6O This one I made in pencil so I could detail out what I meant by the two long arms being hunched in front like a ape and the upper half being bulky. https://imgur.com/qBUzBZ5 Here is an Acrylic painting I have been working on which more accurately depicts exactly what it looked like: https://imgur.com/zpVuCSL
Here: https://imgur.com/a/ZM7cBN7 is me and my friends conversation a year after we saw the Being (2011 when I was 17) I dug up in my facebook messages. I clearly hadn't spoken to my friend in a while and I say "I can't stop thinking about the figure we saw in his forest", I say "the feeling I had when I saw it was death", he states "hes never been as scared since", "he was worried to tell anyone about it" and he was "Mesmerized by its movements".
Here is one of the Fresno Nightcrawler videos from Yosemite without sound, this is the closest someone will ever get to the real experience due to how silent it was and how silent the forest was and yet this video doesn't even do the experience itself justice because it is something you need to experience for yourself to understand. You can see the smaller one stop, stand in place as if it is looking at something, sway back and forth as I described at the 0:39 second mark for 3 seconds. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cXEusizrKxg
Yosemite/Fresno and the Lowermainland/Fraser Valley are about a 16 hour drive apart but they are both connected by a long strip of forest areas that consist of other national parks and national forests that are right on the edge of the North Pacific Ocean.
I just came across the Ghosts Of Gettysburg video and this is identical to what the white texture and silent movement of it looked like in person. I believe what they caught on camera was the same thing due to it being in a rural area. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ozm3ZyklB4E
(Horned Serpent, Plumed Serpent, Feathered serpent, Deer Serpent, Double Headed Horned Serpent, Feathered Serpent, Nightcrawler, Wendigo, Demon) San Rafael Swell,Ochre Alcove, Utah. Barrier canyon style pictograph made by Hunters and Gatherers in the Archaic period. https://imgur.com/gallery/3ZAltqw
Encounter/experience:
Back in 2010 in Lowermainland/Fraser Valley, British Columbia, Canada approximately in early October or mid October when I was 16 (I am 26 years old now) my old friend lived in the northwest rural part of my city and his backyard had 5 acres of forest with a few houses surrounded in the distance around the outskirts of the 5 acres. Me and him would go and explore the forest all the time because it was quite mystical and just a cool place to wander and explore. This one time me and my friend went outside to his forest with his black labrador retriever like we would usually do in the daytime down to the creek but this time at night in his backyard forest at about 1 am to go explore and smoke a joint like usual (Which we were sober at the time and didn't even get to smoking because of encountering the "Being" and being terrified, we ended up smoking it inside his basement/room).
You go out the back door into the backyard and the 5 acre forest forms a natural sun trap, there is a specific "enterance" which is dense forestsed/bushed area you have to go through instead of going through rough terrain. You can't get through because the forest has a deer fence going across it except for the enterance to the forest area. There is a proper safe natural path to take down to the bottom of the forest and the creek. There's a steep tearaway out of the forest floor when you first walk in, it is only about 20 -25 feet into the forest area from the "entrance" of the forest. When we were standing at the top of the cliff/tearaway before the pathway leading down to the rest of the forest and the creek at the bottom (which was the only safe way to walk down especially at night), I could see a 7-8 feet tall pure white soft looking figure about 30-40 feet downwards in the forest and as I focused more it was inbetween the trees moving around softly swaying left to right back and forth slowly standing (touching the forest floor) in the exact same place the whole time we saw it making absolutely no sound and there was absolutely no wind.
I wasn't even going to say anything about the figure to my friend at first because I was waiting for my friend to say something. We observed it for a couple seconds in complete silence and we were "mesmerized" by it's movements, then I asked my friend if he saw it and he said yeah he could as well. We stood silent in fear as we were watching it do its strange unsettling soft swaying movements/trying to adjust our eyes to the Being and see what it was doing. As we continued watching it for a couple minutes I felt I was in a slight daze watching it sway and I started to feel impending doom "set in" (the sinking feeling) in my chest area like when you are going to die or are in a life threatening situation and I had shivers going throughout my body. That's when I told my friend specifically "I don't like this", he agreed and we left immediately. I wasn't so much scared of the sight of the Being, I was more curious about the strange movements it was making and what it really looked like, I was scared of the feeling of death it made me feel. I was frozen with fear and I literally felt like I was going to die or something bad was going to happen.
We left very quick because we didn't know what it was, it scared us and our intuition (my feeling of dread/death) told us it was dangerous, we didn't want to go check out what it was and I knew it was time to leave. I remember my friend yelling something at it because he could tell his dog was scared , I am entirely positive the dog was whimpering and the Being was just still swaying back and forth left to right between the trees in the same exact spot. Almost immediately after we got out of the forest (left the "entrance" of the forest (which we were not far from) it felt like a huge weight had been lifted off my shoulders and the feeling of dread left pretty much immediately.
It was so white it looked like it was almost shining but it wasn't because it wasn't giving of any light of any sort or illuminating the ground or trees around it, you could see the shadow being cast on while it was swaying in the pitch black forest like it was a real animal. It appeared to be opaque, it looked solid enough to the point where you couldn't see through it at all, it was solid white. It appeared to be three dimensional. It looked soft and kind of shiny, it was swaying left to right, right to left with its two really long arms, it looked bulky/strong at the top and shoulder areas and where a head would be but there was no head that I could see. The two long legs/arms looked like the frontal view of an apes forearms would look like when they are crawling on all fours as if the two long legs were hunched infront. The best way I can describe it is 7-8 foot thin separated curtains in the shape of a upside down V or U touching the forest floor and swaying left to right back and forth in a specific motion with no sound at all, absolutely no wind, dead silent. Its movements were "Psychedelic" and sort of "hypnotizing". The texture of it was soft like Charlies white spirit entering Peters body after the attic scene from "Hereditary" Probably the most solid description I can give of what the texture of it looked like "in person" besides the Fresno Nightcrawler Yosemite video, and the Ghosts Of Gettysburg triangular fields video. It was making no sound at all while it was swaying, it was beautiful to look at and terrifying/unsettling at the same time, that's why it was so astonishing to look at, it was almost angelic. There were absolutely no sounds in the forest, it was dead silent while it was moving back and forth. Its movements could have been a lure of some sort because it did not move towards us or anywhere, or it was just letting us know to stay away because it was scared to death as well or just didn't want us to disturb it. It was literally something you would see in a science fiction horror movie.
It was not a trick of the mind or light, there was no light or moon light shining in the forest because it was filled with tall Douglas fir trees, Cedar trees and other vegetation and the creature was downwards from us deeper in the pitch black forest. The forest also had various leveling's and rough terrain in certain parts due to the natural tearaway in the ground when you first walk in which consisted of a lot of clay at the bottom where the tearaway had occured. The forest was on a downward slant when you first walk in which is the pathway you take to get down safely where the creature was approxmately standing. There was no possible way of any light even entering the forest nor any light in the proximity. The houses were distanced too far apart and this forest goes down pretty steep, probably about a good 50-60 feet downwards till you get to the creek at the bottom, it was pitch black in that forest. It was not a spiderweb, fog, any sort of garbage, a weather baloon, prankster or material as a couple of people have ignorantly and stupidly suggested. We had gone back in the morning daylight to the approximate area where we thought it was standing and saw nothing out of the ordinary, even looked for prints and there was nothing we could notice. (It was also difficult because of the ground being thickly covered in Douglass-Fir needles and other debris). His forest was in pristine condition cause no one would ever go in it as it is a private forest located in peoples backyards, it is a quiet part of town people don't just go walking about everywhere like in the city. There were no houses close enough to give off any light or give off a shine through the trees and the Being was not see through it looked like it was almost solid, but it was very ghostly/spirit looking as well. It was upside down V or U shaped and It had no facial features/head at all from what we could see in the dark.
There is absolutely no animals in Northern British Columbia, Canada or the rest of Canada and U.S that look close to what we saw, there are absolutely no animals that are 7-8 feet tall and stand on 2 legs. There aren't even any animals in other countries that come close to what we saw. It did not have a body( It's 2 legs/limbs were its body) It was not a animal, and there is no possible way to "debunk" this. I have explored all the options of what it could have been. This was the first time we ever went out to his forest at night, and it was the last time we ever went in the forest at night. The 5 acres of forest is the biggest area of woods in that area. Around the area of town it is mostly just a couple million dollar houses, and farm/forest area. It is pretty much the greenbelt of my city. He has no neighbors that are close to the location because as I said his forest is 5 acres with the closest neighbors being at least 3 blocks down the street on the right hand side of the forest. To this day the feeling that I had when I saw the Being move still gives me shivers and I feel lucky to be alive. The fact that we went out to the forest at that time really late at night and happened to see that freaks me out as well, cause it was clearly meant to be seen by us. If we went out any later or any sooner we might not have seen it in his forest at that moment of time. Like I said, I didn't have to point out to my friend where the Being was he automatically saw it at the same time I saw it. I think the feeling of dread could have possibly have been a warning to keep away from it and that is why me and my friend left right away without any hesitation.
Like I said this was the only parnaormal experience I have ever had. There was no paranormal activity that I experienced when I would go to my friends house or on his property/in his forest besides the one experience/encounter, My friend never mentioned seeing anything strange or having any paranormal experiences in or around his house prior to our encounter. Now that I think back on the whole experience , hanging outside there and exploring the woods there is for sure something "special" about the whole location. I understand a lot of people are scared of these types of things and they don't want to believe they exist, but would have had to be there yourself to understand what it looked like, see the creeping movements, and feel what I felt. Seeing one of these beings up close is a spiritual experience that you need to experience and see for yourself to really understand what it was like. We have scaled my friends forest around the creek area and the area where we saw the Supernatural Being at least 20 different times/ different days before hand seeing it and we went back the day after to the exact spot where we saw the Being in the forest and noticed nothing out of the ordinary. We both knew that it was some sort of being and it was something we shouldn't have been seeing or attempt to go up to.
Here is my full description of the "Supernatural Being" Aka Nightcrawler, me and my friend saw:
7-8 feet Tall, Pure White (When I mean "pure white" I mean Paper, Bone white) Not see-through, Just 2 Pure White Long limbs (from what we could see in the dark). It was so white it looked like it was almost giving off light but it wasn't because it was not shining or illuminating the trees or ground and Im pretty sure you could see shadow on it from it moving back and forth in the same place between the trees, it looked bulky/strong at the top and shoulder areas and where a head would be but there was no head that I could see. It looked solid and looked three dimensional. I can only describe as 7-8 foot shiny separated curtains in the shape of a upside down V or U with some sort of bulkiness/shape to the top half, the whole thing was swaying touching the forest floor right and left back and forth in a specific motion with no sound at all, absolutely no wind, dead silent. The two long legs/arms almost looked like if how the front view of a ape crawling on all fours would look like as if the forearms were hunched infront. To my best estimate it looked like the legs/arms were about one to one and a half feet wide and the whole thing was about 3 - 4 and a half feet wide from top to bottom. I tried my best to squint my eyes and adjust them to the Supernatural Being/dark better to see what it was doing or if I could make out what it looked like better, but it did not help at all it just still appeared as I described. (The rough sketches I made are exactly what it looked like, I am an artist and I tried my best to recreate what it looked like to my ability, there was no extra detail necessary.)
Plot Twist: One day we had picked various different kinds of mushrooms in the forest down by the creek and around the land a year or so beforehand seeing this entity, we put them in a lock safe to do a online identification of the different species of mushrooms and forgot about them. They ended up rotting and turning to a gross sludge, my friend ended up getting mad and told me about it. I am well aware of the FAE, Missing411 and berry picking, mushroom picking connection etc...Not saying it is connected but it is a possibility. I am a smart intuitive man and I realized it was time to go when I felt the sinking feeling in my chest like I was going to die. We strangely stayed calm instead of leaving in a panic and that makes this experience that much more rewarding. Our adrenaline was going but we stayed calm for some reason to make our departure. When I said we left immediately I meant in a calm and collective state. I'll say it once and I will say it again, I felt lucky once I walked out of the mouth/enterance of that forest alive and I will never forget it for the rest of my life.
(Names ,links and research to the beings) "Nightcrawler" is just a made up name by the public/internet because they were captured on camera at night and they dubbed them "Nightcrawlers". Upon doing some recent research of what the First Nations people told me, many different cultures of indigenous people in B.C know about these beings and they all use a "Double Headed Serpent" to represent these beings. There are also similar and same creatures that exist in different parts of the earth. The Sto:lo First Natons states that there are 5 different kinds of "Stl’áleqem" (Supernatural Beings) and the "sʔi:ɬqəý̓" is one of them. The names of these beings and variants from different First Nations cultures in B.C are Sisiutl/laqaqua'sa, sʔi:ɬqəý̓/siilquey/si:lhqey/Seelkee/Sflhqey, Si'xqe, Shla- lah-kum, Su'ike, Ts'ewalf, Sunulqaz, énétlékē, wasgo, Say Nuth Kway , Sinulhka, Hi?, Grubworm, Larahwæse, Kutze-ce-te-ut, Sisiuth, Se-sook, sulwa’us, and Klu'bist. They also go by A'yahos in Seatle Fault/Olympic Peninsula, Washington. There are various similarities and correlations between these beings the NAGA , Jinn, Amaru, Unhcegila, U Thlen, Misiginebig, Weewillmekq, Jipijka'm, Veles, and Wendigo.
"The word for "sisiutl" in Tsimshian is Laqaqua'sa, which literally means "both sides head".
"Among Pacific Northwest cultures, horns or plumes on artwork indicate a supernatural being."
It specifically states in a Thesis from UBC called "The Northwest Coast Sisiutl" from 1975 they are Supernatural beings and shamanism is strongly associated with them. Sisiutl, the Kwakiutl primary variant of the double-headed serpent, is echoed in similar beings of the Tsimshian, Tlingit, Bella Coola, Nootka and Haida groups. Sisiutl occurs in many Kwakiutl myths, but it is an established supernatural spirit with many attributes and no myth of origin. This fact supports the notion that the character sisiutl originated among the northern tribes and was adopted by the Kwakiutl. In addition, the question of visual affinity among the Northwest Coast sisiutl and sisiutl-like beings in Shang/Chou China and seventeenth-nineteenth century New Zealand is briefly addressed. (https://imgur.com/a/viQx9yT) (https://open.library.ubc.ca/cIRcle/collections/ubctheses/831/items/1.0093447)
The symbol is heavily used in different cultures to represent these beings, they even have a statue at UBC in B.C dedicated to the beings. (https://imgur.com/a/UQsj1bA) (https://fnel.arts.ubc.ca/the-musqueam-s%CA%94i%C9%ACq%C9%99y%CC%93-qeq%C9%99n-double-headed-serpent-post-dedicated-at-ubc/)
"The soulcatcher (Haboolm Ksinaalgat) of the northern Tsimshian, Tlingit, and Haida peoples exhibits the same body form, and may derive its form from the sisiutl."
This soulcatcher of "Sisiutl" shows the actual "being" secretly ornamented with abalone as the lips. If you tilt your head to the right or left you can clearly see the shiny Abalone inlay for the lips of the snake or teeth are actually the being itself hidden in plain sight. https://imgur.com/a/ceA7ySs https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soulcatcher
Mayan "Soul Tube" or "Double Headed Serpent Bar" symbolizing Quetzalcoatl
http://www.angelfire.com/folk/sunflowerfarm/soultube.html
Aztec Double Headed Serpent sculpture symbolizing Quetzalcoatl
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-headed_serpent
"The sisiutl is a legendary creature found in many of the cultures of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast. It is typically depicted as a double-headed serpent with fish qualities, sometimes with an additional central face of a supernatural being. The sisuitl features prominently in Pacific Northwest art, dances and songs. The sisuitl is closely associated with shamans because both are seen as mediators between the natural and supernatural worlds."
"The Sisiutl is typically depicted as a double-headed serpent, although it is sometimes shown with just one head. Kwakwaka'wakw depictions usually show a central, humanoid face between the double heads. All three heads are usually horned, and the serpent heads typically have protruding tongues and spiral or upturned noses, with crescents along the body.
Other depictions, by the Kwakwaka'wakw or other Pacific Northwest peoples, omit or modify some of these features. The Tlingit "grubworm" or "woodworm" (caterpillar) is a "peculiarly northern" variation that lacks the central head, and has an insatiable appetite.
Among Pacific Northwest cultures, horns or plumes indicate a supernatural being. The spiral nose (or "inflated nostrils") motif is used on Hamatsa masks depicting Baxbaxwalanuksiwe, where it indicates hunger (dilated nostrils to sniff out food).
Where a central humanoid head is depicted, it most often is taken to represent Baxbaxwalanuksiwe, although it has also been associated with Qomoqua. In the northern grubworm variant, the central head is believed to be the princess who suckled the grubworm."
"Dancers donning the mask of Sisiutl adorn themselves with western hemlock boughs, signifying wildness. Sisiutl masks were often hinged, allowing the serpent ends to simulate lifelike serpentine writhing movements. Sisiutl masks were decorated with flecks of mica, which were believed to be scales shed by Sisiutl (often found on beaches). These mica chips provided an enchanting glittery effect when danced in fire-light.
"Thunderbirds are one of the few predators of Sisiutl."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisiutl
"The Kwakiutl tribe, who lived on the British Columbian coast north of the present city of Bella Coola specified that sisiutl was an animal that was "of the earth", not one of the mythical creatures of the sea; this distinctly shows that the Pacific Northwest tribes were convinced of the animal's existence." http://allaboutdragons.com/dragons/Sisiutl
"The Sea Sisuitl, a double-serpent of the Kwakuitls was one of the most powerful of the supernatural helpers. It aroused more awe than would be elicited by the representation of an ordinary snake. This creature was said in the lore of the British Columbia coast and Vancouver Island to be four feet in diameter and up to 20 feet long. At times it was in league with the mythological thunderbird. Its 'house' was either on land or in the water. The body has an identical head at each end with a human face, implying should power midway between. Almost always causing death when encountered, it was all the more dangerous because it would shrink itself to a tiny fraction of its true length. The sisuitl is holding an important symbol of wealth, the copper, which was used in potlatch ceremonies." http://collection.legacy.uvic.ca/index.php?id=3954&artifact_action=info
"The humanoid central head likely symbolizes Sisiutl's supernatural shape-shifting powers Sisiutl could also change size from a few centimeters to a span sufficient to block off a bay. As a transomative creature of vast shamanic power, the Sisiutl could travel across all boundaries: land, water and air." https://www.mymondotrading.com/gallery/view/614-sisiutl-sea-serpent-by-michael-price
"The Native Sea Serpent symbolizes protection, supernatural power and revival. It is one of the most powerful symbols in Kwakwaka’wakw culture. The Sisiutl is a supernatural three-headed serpent that possesses shapeshifting abilities and the ability to turn spectators into stone when gazed upon. Not only can the Sisiutl change shape into a human or animal, but it can also transform its body into a self-propelled canoe that the owner must feed with seals." https://spiritsofthewestcoast.com/collections/the-sisiutl-or-sea-serpent-symbol
"In his study entitled: " The serpent in Kwakiutl religion, a study in primitive culture ”, demonstrates that he is at the same time Alakila, god of the origin of life, Laquagila, god of the underworld, Qomogwa, god of the sea, Winalagilis, god of war, orstill Baxbakualanuxsiwae, cannibal demon…Represented in the form of a creature with snake head at each end and with a human head in its center, it can change into a canoe, in human, in salmon, and to be at will visible or invisible. This god is extremely important, and in closer relationship with winter rituals, founding pole of Kwakiutl culture. According to the thought of this people indeed, the light and the sun are, during the night and during the season of winter,masked by the forces of the underworld, personalized by Sisiutl-Baxbakualanuxsiwae (the Sun also has a mask representing the Sisiutl). But at the end of the eternal struggle between light and darkness, the Sun ends up escaping, and rising above the Ocean(Sisiutl-Qomogwa). He then appears to the east, where Sisiutl-Alakila's home is located. Winter is also the season in which the spirits of the gods descend to the earth, and where magical phenomena can take place. The Sisiutl is also connected to the Sun, to the Moon, to the Milky Way (supposed to be the center of Heaven), to life, to death, to invincibility, to rebirth, to the underworld and to the visible world, to prosperity, to wisdom, to cannibalism" https://books.google.ca/books?id=qSQVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PR6&lpg=PR6&dq=serpent+cannibal&source=bl&ots=6rHtKtspeQ&sig=ACfU3U0uTWgeEQjABQHPhYPrpkF1rq0Bdw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjBtrXEpeDrAhXXvp4KHc2HCvIQ6AEwEHoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=serpent%20cannibal&f=false
"Baxbakualanuxsiwae", "Cannibal-at-the-North-End-of-the-World, He-Who-First-Ate-Man-at-the-Mouth-of-the-River, He-Who-First-Ate-Humans-on-the-Water, Ever-More-Perfect-Manifestation-of-the-Essence-of-Humanity, Man-Eater, The spirit who eats humans at the rivers end, The Man-eating Creator God at the End Of The Universe"
"The pre-Columbian peoples of Central America represented "War Serpent",Serpents of War, who accompanied or combed warriors, and it has been shown that the serpent was intimately associated with blood and human sacrifice.In addition, it often represents darkness: we saw the Anaconda of the Tukanos of Colombia which symbolized the dark part of the Milky Way, or the Sisiutl, god associated with the Underworld and main deity of the winter ritual which celebrated the coming of darkness (some myths even say that the Sun had a mask of the Sisiutl,behind which he was hiding).On the other hand, we have also seen that the snake is in many legends associated with abortions. This idea of death arises from the risk of biting and the primitive fear of engulfment - we think in particular of the nightmares of the youngest children who dream to be devoured by wolves, snakes or other monsters. It's probably from this fear that comes from the myth of Sisiutl-Baxbakualanuxsiwae, cannibal god." "Contrary to past interpetations that have represented the "spirit at the river's end" as the ultimate and most awesome predator, Berman points out that in Kwakiutl mythology the river's end is the point where the salmon leave their home in the zone of the spirits and are born into the world of humans. In the winter Ceremonial, the spirits enter the zone of humans to capture them, drag them off to their spirit homes, and eat them." https://books.google.cm/books?id=0aQwDwAAQBAJ
"The Rainbow Serpent or Rainbow Snake is a common deity often seen as a creator god, known by numerous names in different Australian Aboriginal languages, and a common motif in the art and religion of Aboriginal Australia It is known both as a benevolent protector of its people (the groups from the country around) and as a malevolent punisher of law breakers. The Rainbow Serpent's mythology is closely linked to land, water, life, social relationships, and fertility. The Rainbow Serpent often takes part in transitions from adolescence to adulthood for young men and swallows them to vomit them up later." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Serpent
'In Australian aboriginal mythology, Dhakhan is the ancestral god of the Kabi; he is described as a giant serpent with the tail of a giant fish. He often appears as a rainbow, as this is his way of travelling between the watering holes which are his homes. He is also the creator of the snakes and serpents that live within the waterholes." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhakhan
"Psi-ya-hus (also spelled Psai-Yah-hus) is a spirit rock near the Fauntleroy ferry terminal in Seattle, Washington. Coast Salish peoples associate the rock with A'yahos, a "malevolent and dangerous" spirit, capable of shapeshifting, who sometimes appears in a two-headed serpent form, who is associated with other earthquake-related areas like landslides near the Seattle Fault." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psai-Yah-hus
“a’yahos,” a term the Salish peoples gave to a shape-shifting supernatural spirit that often appears as a giant serpent, sometimes with two heads or blazing eyes and horns. A’yahos comes from land and sea simultaneously and is associated with shaking and rushes of muddy water. The researchers found five native stories that associate a’yahos with places on or near the Seattle fault, and 13 others associated with central Puget Sound, Hood Canal and the Strait of Juan de Fuca." https://www.washington.edu/news/2005/07/11/native-lore-tells-the-tale-theres-been-a-whole-lotta-shakin-goin-on/
"The Quileute people of western Washington know a similar dangerous entity, the "T´abale" Many myths along the shores of Washington narrate the furious battles of A´yahos or related spirits with other mythical animals. According to the Suquamish Tribe"
"According to legends of the Duwamish people of the Cascade Range, some large boulders along the shores of the Puget Sound, the Strait of Juan de Fuca and the area surrounding the city of Seattle are haunted by terrible "A´yahos". A´yahos were shape-shifter spirits, appearing in our world sometimes as large snake, other times as double-headed snake with horns or in their preferred shape with the body of a serpent and the antlers and forelegs of a deer." https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/history-of-geology/a-field-guide-to-the-north-american-earthquake-beasts/
"Non-Salish Cascadia Native representations of two-headed snakes. Neither of these figures has yet been explicitly linked to earthquakes, but they likely represent the same spirit power as a'yahous. Both have horns. representing spirit power. Quileute ceremonial representation of t'abale, a vicious guardian spirit on the northwestern Washington coast." https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Non-Salish-Cascadia-Native-representations-of-two-headed-snakes-Neither-of-these-figures_fig5_249551808
"According to myths of the Duwamish people of the Pacific Northwest’s Cascade Range, some large boulders found along the shores of the Puget Sound, the Strait of Juan de Fuca and the area surrounding the city of Seattle are haunted by terrible A’yahos. A’yahos were shape-shifting spirits, described often as a dangerous entity with the body of a snake and the head and forelegs of a deer. Young hunters were warned by elder ones not to approach an A’yahos dwelling place, as they would shake the earth and sea, generate large waves and throw large boulders to kill a foolish intruder.
The Quileute people of western Washington told tales of a similar dangerous being, called T’abale. The Kwakwaka’wakw (or Kwakiutl) of Vancouver Island tell stories about the double-headed water serpent Sisutl, who will shake the earth and capture the souls of the people if enraged.
In 1985, seismologist Ruth S. Ludwin described a spirit boulder supposedly haunted by an A´yahos, the similarities between the environmental effects of an earthquakeand the supposed effects of a battle with an A’yahos in an article published in the Seattle Weekly,:
At the spot where A’yahos came to a person the very earth was torn, landslides occurred and the trees became twisted and warped. Such spots were recognizable for years afterward.
Ludwin mapped various cursed boulders and recognized a connection between the A’yahos-boulders and the alignment of various shallow faults, most notably the east-west striking Seattle Fault Zone." https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.forbes.com/sites/davidbressan/2015/07/27/ancient-stories-provided-an-early-warning-about-potential-seattle-earthquakes/amp/
"Glacial erratic boulders of King County are large glacial erratic boulders of rock which were moved into King County, Washington by glacial action during previous ice ages. The Pleistocene ice age glaciation of Puget Sound created many of the geographical features of the region, including Puget Sound itself, and the erratics are one of the remnants of that age."
"Canadian rocks [are] strewn all over the Puget lowland, stretching from the Olympic Peninsula clear over to the Cascade Range." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacial_erratic_boulders_of_King_County,_Washington
"It has probably been less than 20,000 years since the Sequim area was covered by 4,000 feet of ice. During the Pleistocene ice age (about 1.8 million to 12,000 years ago) as many as six major glaciations moved over the Olympic Peninsula, with ice sheets coming down from western Canada, receding, and returning. Traces of the Possession Glaciation (about 80,000 years ago) are visible in the lowest layers of the bluff at Port Williams, east of Sequim. During the Fraser Glaciation (25,000-10,000 years ago), the ice sheet reached up the Dungeness River about 24 miles, nearly to Royal Creek, on its journey southward beyond what is now the city of Olympia and westward beyond Cape Flattery. Locally, Burnt Hill, Ned Hill, most of Deer Ridge and Bear Mountain were covered, with Mt. Zion and Maynard Peak nearly overtopped as well. Hikers can see granite boulders above the 3600-foot level of Blue Mountain and Maynard Peak. Geologists conclude that the granite, which is not part of the peninsula’s native rock, was deposited by glaciers." https://dungenessrivercenter.org/park/climate/geology-of-the-olympic-peninsula
Taken from the "Sto:lo Heritage Policy Manual": “Stl’áleqem” is the word the Old People use to categorize certain spiritual beings inhabiting parts of S’ólh Téméxw. These beings’ spiritual potency affords them a significant place in Stó:lō culture, yet they are difficult to describe or explain to people raised outside of the culture. Metaphors of “monsters” and translations of stl’áleqem as “supernatural creatures” fall short of conveying the full meaning of the word and carry a western perspective that robs “stl’áleqem” of its Halq’eméylem essence. Likewise, the distinction western society makes between “real” and “unreal” is not applicable in categorizing stl’áleqem: some spiritual beings, such as the hairy giant sásq’ets (sasquatch), the s’ó:lmexw (water babies) who live at the bottoms of certain lakes and deep spots in rivers, the mimestíyexw (little people) who inhabit various regions of S’ólh Téméxw and assist spirit dancers, and the majestic shxwexwó:s (thunderbird) whose flapping wings make thunder, whose blinking eyes make lightning, and whose urine is rain, are all thought to be just as real as bears, chipmunks and sturgeon, and are not considered stl’áleqem.
Perhaps the best way of conveying what a stl’áleqem is simply to identify them by name and then describe how they are referred to within sxwôxwiyám and sqwelqwel (oral histories). The Old Ones speak of at least five different types or kinds of stl’áleqem: Sí:lhqey, the two-headed serpent; St’qoya, the frightening glowing red eyes sometimes seen at night; Ápel, the large maggot who inhabits the rock bluffs and deep bays above and in the southeast corner of Cultus Lake; and T’liteqo Spá:th, the underwater black bear who lives in the waters of the Fraser Canyon near Lady Franklin Rock. An encounter with any one of these creatures can be dangerous, holding the potential for mixed outcomes. Stó:lō therefore regard places inhabited by stl’áleqem as xá:xa (spiritually potent; ≅ taboo). Since many current Stó:lō activities – hunting, ritualistic spiritual swimming, and “leaving our things” – lead people to visit places where stl’áleqem reside, it is important to know their locations and to follow proper protocol. Those who have been taught how to act appropriately, such as shxwlá:m (Indian doctors), can attain spirit power by showing respect to stl’áleqem. For instance, rather than turning and running upon seeing a stl’áleqem – a typical reaction of someone not prepared for the encounter – one should face it and slowly back away until the creature is out of sight. Another teaching specifies that a person should pluck hair from their head and blow it towards the stl’áleqem. Failure to follow these or other appropriate, sacred teachings can lead to serious consequences. Common reactions to mild, unintentional stl’áleqem encounters are often described as "causing the hair to rise on the back of your neck” or producing a feeling that an unseen presence is near. Those who are warned away and yet knowingly trespass into a stl’áleqem site may suffer xó:lí:s (to twist up and die). Children are particularly prone to this condition. Those who do not immediately die require the treatment of a shxwlá:m to relieve their sickness" https://imgur.com/a/38oEZgI (http://www.srrmcentre.com/files/File/Stolo%20Heritage%20Policy%20Manual%20-%20May%202003%20-%20v1.2.pdf)
Taken From the "Dictionary Of Upriver halkomelem" "<stl'á:leqem>, df //s=ë %* e3 ·lcq(=)cm//, EZ /'animal or bird one is afraid of and can't see, powerful creature, supernatural creature'/, ASM ['includes the sasquatch, Cannibal Ogress (Th'ô 3wxiya), sí:lhqey (two-headed snake), thunderbird (shxwexwó:s), water pygmies (s'ó:lmexw), schichí' (monster), underwater bear (Halkomelem name unknown), sxexomô 3:lh (huge pretty frog with supernatural powers), Xéylxelemós (chief of the river monsters), Spótpeteláxel (Thunderwind), and perhaps some creatures without supernatural powers such as grizzly bear; if one sees a stl'áleqem one can get a special sickness called xo:lí:s which cause one to either vomit till one dies or twist up till one dies or go crazy with soul-loss, medicine-men in training often seek them to grab them and possess their power." https://books.google.ca/books?id=zvrdVG44R-IC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
"In Canadian folklore, "Seelkee" (s?i:łqəý) (transcribed in English from Halqemeylem, the local [indigenous language is a lake monster reported to have lived in the swamps of what is now Chilliwack, in British Columbia, Canada. Seelkee has been allegedly seen by the Stó:lō, people for hundreds of years. The most common description of Seelkee is a 10 to 15-foot-long (3.0 to 4.6 m) [sea serpent] like beast with the head of a horse. Most descriptions talk about how the creature was snake-like with two heads. One of the first Caucasian settlers of the region, Issac Kipp, reportly saw a Seelkee and spoke how he was told by the local Sto:lo people never to turn your back on the beast. Saying "Don't turn around, if you do you'll be sick." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seelkee
"Once years ago I was eliciting ethnozoological information from an aged Lummi friend, Julius Charles. I had gone through Dalquest's Mammals of Washington, asking about everything from shrews to elk, and when I had finished Julius said something like: "There's another animal you haven't got there. They used to be around here but they've become pretty scarce and the white people have never caught one and put it in a zoo."
"Function and appearance. Although the details in the various accounts of the spirit-serpent vary, there are some recurring themes. These include: the general appearance in the form of a large animal, usually a snake and in that case quite often a two-headed snake." https://lingpapers.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2018/03/1992_vanEijk.pdf
"Lillooet traditional cosmology recognizes a supernatural being called sünuƚqaz', which manifests itself as a gigantic animal, usually a serpent. A being with an etymologically related name and similar attributes is recognized by a number of other Salish cultures, namely, Straits, Halkomelem, and Squamish, while a similar animal, called by unrelated names, appears in yet other Salish cultures. This article discusses the various functions of this being in those Salish cultures where it occurs, as well as the etymological history of the name sünuƚqaz', and serves as a contribution to cryptozoology and the study of beings not recognized in the western taxonomic canon." https://www.jstor.org/stable/30028780?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
From "Sunulqaz': The quest continues" by Jan P. van Eijk
"Barker's (1963) Klamath dictionary lists may for 'two-headed snake' and comments: "This serpent is said to have a head on either end and to be capable of moving in either direction. Also called bib/ant n 'os gitk "having- a-head-on-both-ends" and la'ba n 'os gitk "having-two-heads."· The author also mentions that may is homophonous with the word for 'tule' (Scirpus validus), but gives no information as to whether the most prominent aspect of the two- headed serpent in Salish cosmology, viz., its ability to "twist" people, also applies to may. Powell and Jensen, in their description of the Quileute, have a picture of a wood carving of a two-headed lizard or salamander, named t 'abale, equipped with an ear-like appendage to each head, a set of small feet behind each head, and described as a "vicious guardian spirit." No further details of its function within traditional Quileute religion and culture are given. A Google search for any combination of 'two-headed,' 'double- headed,' 'snake' and 'serpent' mainly yields references to non-cryptozoological snakes with two heads at one side of their body, which is of course not what we are interested in here. Of more interest is a depiction of a true double-headed snake (with a head on the opposite sides of its body), apparently Aztec, executed in wood, with a mosaic of turquoise and shell, and now in the British Museum, on http://www.civilization.calciviVmmp 15engl.html. Without further information on its religious significance (especially whether or not it would "twist" people) we can not say anything about its possible relevance for the study of the two-headed snake in the northwest cultural area." https://lingpapers.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2018/02/Eijk_2007.pdf
"Kaistowanea (Haudenausonee); Ka-is-to-wan-ea, the small two headed brightly colored serpent, “whose skin had beautiful colors with gold and silver stripes down its back.” The Serpent “when caressed…would wave its beautiful heads to express its gratitude.” Ka-is-to-wan-ea grew rapidly, became so large that “it rested on the beam of the lodge.” The Ka-is-to-wan-ea, so beautiful and graceful in its youth, soon grew to be a ravenous monster, and having grown so large that the lodge could contain it no longer, wandered to a cave (or stone sweat lodge?) under the mountain." http://wakinguponturtleisland.blogspot.com/2016/03/kaistowanea.html
https://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Legends/The-Prophecy-Of-The-Two-Serpents-Mohawk.html
"One day, a young boy had found a two-headed serpent (snake) whose skin had beautiful colors with gold and silver stripes down its back; but it was very sickly, unable to care for and feed itself. It was on the very door of death. This was due to the fact that one head wanted to go left while the other wanted to go right. One wanted to move while the other wanted to stay still. Basically, one head didn't know what the other was doing. (One day the people found strange-looking beings who had a strange metal skin made of gold and silver and covered with bright coloured cloth washed up on the shores of Turtle Island. These beings were very sick, cold, hungry and near death. They were very confused; for one spoke of peace while his counter-part killed everyone. One was called church and one was called state. They also hissed a very strange language.)
The young boy brought the serpent to his village. The elders were very cautious of it but everyone loved its beautiful colors and felt sorry for it. The young ones said "It's so poor. How will it survive? Look at how helpless it is. Surely it will die with the coming of winter. Please let us keep it?" the elders agreed saying "OK you can keep it but not in the house, and remember: if you want to keep it, you will have to feed it!"(The True People brought them to our villages, welcomed the beings into our home, fed them, gave them shelter, and brought them back to life by curing their sickness and diseases. Unable to hunt and unknowledgeable of the land, our people helped the strange beings build their own villages and gave them food, in exchange they offered their bright cloth and metals.)
The children fed it insects but the snake wanted more so they fed it field mice, but the snake wanted more. They fed it rabbits and small birds but the snake wanted more! Finally, with this serpent getting so big, the elders began hunting our brothers, the beavers and otters, to feed the snake; but this snake didn't seem to get enough. (Our people brought the strange beings food and supplies in exchange for the bright cloth and metals, but the strange beings always wanted more and more. These strange beings requested more food and much more supplies which evolved into the fur trade. Our people began to see that they would destroy life for profit.)
The serpent (now way too big to handle) began eating our dogs, then our food supply - the gardens and the deer, then all our spirit guides. When that was not enough, the serpent finally began eating our people. It ate the children, the elders and any who were not fast enough to get away. So horrible was this serpent that it even ate our dead - something that our people had never seen.
Then this two-headed serpent began eating whole villages and in the process, it enslaved many of the people. Then it started traveling the countryside looking for more villages to eat. Along the way, it started eating anything in its path - the forest, all the animals and the countryside itself. It ate holes through mountains that were in its way and it poisoned our waters with its defecation. (They were so blood thirsty they needed the constant rush of murder to flow through their veins. They destroyed villages, then nations, allowing only those to live who would succumb to their false religion and government. They killed the forest, the buffalo and made whole species extinct. They destroyed the earth for its minerals (gold rush) and stained the waters with blood.)" https://www.indigenouspeople.net/twohead.htm
There was a time when the Klakwan people of Hlpunem-Kaiksap, Village-of-Whales, were living on what is now Kaien Island. The Klakwan are thought to be descendants of the Gits’iis Tribe among the Tsimshian of the lower Skeena. Then called Krhain, Kaien Island is the present site of the city of Prince Rupert. The people were living in a large village near what is now the site of the Co-operative Fish Plant at Hays Cove. The Gits’iis village was located on what the Tsimshian call Wil Haɫyaat Mediik, the path the grizzly bear walks along the shore, or known colloquially as the Prince Rupert waterfront. One day, the tribe was gathering wood. They searched for the most prized dry-rotted wood. They harvested a generous quantity and began to stack it in the center of the main house of the Sm’oigyet or chief of the village. As the wood was being stacked, a beautiful glowing grub worm fell on the ground near where the daughter of the Sm’oigyet, Tsiwiladaw, was standing. Eager to take the beautiful worm as a pet, Tsiwiladaw picked up a piece of rotted bark and coddled the strange worm. She lavished love upon it. As the only daughter of the Sm’oigyet, Tsiwiladaw was guarded closely by her parents and seldom was she left alone. Her mother noticed that Tsiwiladaw was spending a great deal of time in seclusion. Her mother said to Tsiwiladaw: “Stay out here once and a while. Do not sit back there in the house.” The villagers wondered what was wrong with her that she always stayed inside.
Wise people in the tribe, including her parents, tried to convince Tsiwiladaw to give up her pet grub worm. Some had even warned her initially upon discovering the worm that it was a bad spirit and should be avoided. What the people did not know is that Tsiwiladaw had taken her new pet and was feeding it, suckling it with her breasts, and spending all her time with it including while she slept. The grub worm, being suckled by Tsiwiladaw, soon grew very large. She composed a cradle song for the worm: “It has a mouth already. Sit right up! Sit right up!” The worm had evolved into what the Tsimshian call: Rhtsenawsah or single headed caterpillar. It kept growing until part of the Rhtsenawsah burrowed into the ground. The people heard the song that Tsiwiladaw would sing to the Rhtsenawsah and they wondered what was going on. Tsiwiladaw’s mother decided to spy among her daughter’s things and upon moving some boxes discovered the frightening looking creature. Her mother did not say or do anything immediately because she knew her daughter was fond of her pet. As the Rhtsenawsah grew it kept burrowing and was able to scout where food boxes were kept. Having located the food boxes, it would bore into them and devour the contents.
It kept burrowing until it eventually had access to other houses and more caches of food. In addition to the food caches, Tsiwiladaw still suckled the Rhtsenawsah to such an extent that her breasts became distended and nearly touched the ground. Tsiwiladaw composed another cradle song: “It has a face already. Sit right here! Sit right here!” The Rhtsenawsah had grown so large, and consumed so much, that it had grown a second head at the end of its body so that it could more easily devour food boxes and be fed by Tsiwiladaw. The Rhtsenawsah, grub worm caterpillar had become Larahwæse, a double headed monster. The Larahwæse had dug a vast network of tunnels through which it could exploit the resources of the village. The people in the village began to become unsettled as their food was running low. They would check their Oolichan oil boxes and find them empty.
The Larahwæse had gotten to the end of the homes in the village and had bored through all the food boxes. Famine stricken, the people wondered what was taking their food. One night, an uncle of Tsiwiladaw lay awake unable to sleep due to hunger. He felt a disconcerting rumble through his sleeping mat. The village was experiencing abnormal earthquakes. He vowed to investigate the source of the rumbles at daybreak. That same night, Tsiwiladaw, had composed another cradle song: “Son, I have had a bad dream! Lay right here. Lay right here” In the morning, Tsiwiladaw’s uncle dug just beneath the surface of the house and found the writhing body of the sordid Larahwæse. The monster was so large that nobody could determine its exact size. The people now recognized the connection to Tsiwiladaw’s pet. Tsiwiladaw was in complete seclusion. Her father begged her to come out of where she was hiding to no avail. The Sm’oigyet called for one of Tsiwiladaw’s aunts who induced Tsiwiladaw to come out of hiding and in order to help stitch marten skins into robes.
When Tsiwiladaw exited her hiding place she had tied around her waist the intestines of a sealion. She began helping her aunt with the stitching of the marten, and was quite forlorn. In secret the warriors of the village had been fashioning spears with fire hardened points. Taking large knives, they tied them to long shafts, tcatehɫ, in the manner of spears. The warriors at once chopped into the ground and cut the huge Larahwæse in pieces. They followed its gargantuan length within the ground and chopped many deep depressions or trenches thus killing the monster which had starved the people. After the uproar of the battle against the Larahwæse, Tsiwiladaw composed another song. She cried out mournfully: “I had to leave you, my son, and they have killed you, they have killed you at last, but you will be heard of all over the world. Although I was blamed for bringing you up. It could not be helped.” The Sm’oigyet felt badly that his daughter had reared such a grotesque monster. He stated to the villages: “if my daughter had anything else for a pet I would have taken good care of it too, but I fear that it would injure the village later on, so I had to have it killed” The Sm’oigyet proclaimed: “let us leave this place at once!” So the villagers moved to their other villages leaving Krhain vacant. Today a number of depressions can be seen in the mountain ridge on Kaien Island corresponding to the segments of the slain Larahwæse.
"In mythology of Andean civilizations of South America, the amaro, amaru (quechua) or katari (aymara) is a mythical serpent or dragon, most associated with the Tiwanaku and Inca empires. In Inca mythology, the amaru is a huge double-headed serpent that dwells underground, at the bottom of lakes and rivers.The amaru was believed capable of transgressing boundaries to and from the spiritual realm of the subterranean world." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaru_(mythology)
"The Amarus (plural) are ancient Andean snake spirits, guardian deities of the Incas. Amaru is a Quechua word literally translated as “snake,” but they may be dragons. Spirits of wisdom, the Amarus served as advisors to the Incas and their predecessors." https://occult-world.com/amaru/
"Among all the fantastical creatures of the Andean folklore, the Amaru is perhaps the one that shares more similarities with the dragón. In Quechua, one of the most widely spoken languages of the indigenous peoples of the Andes, “amaru” means “snake”, but it is also the name of some of the supernatural snakes in the local legends.The Amaru is usually associated with the underworld, the earth and seismic movements. According to the beliefs of the ancient Andean people, the world is divided in three regions: the Hanan Pacha, which is the world of above, a place inhabited by the gods and by birds; the Kay Pacha, which is the present world, also known as the realm where humankind lives; and the Ukhu Pacha, the world below, the underground realm of the dead. It is precisely in this region where the Amaru lives. This creature is said to cause tremors and earthquakes when it moves through the depths of the earth due to its huge size, and its link with the earth and the large rock formations of the Andean region is featured in several accounts." https://auroswords.com/2019/05/12/the-myth-of-the-amaru/
"The chief god of the Maya in Central America is Quetzalcoatl, the feathered serpent that looked like the crawling morning glory vine that provided a psychedelic sacarament in the form of LSA. In Peru, this god is called Amaru (as in Tupac Amaru, the last defender killed by the Spaniards) and the territory known as Amaruca. Amaruca is literally translated “Land of the Plumed Serpents.” The tribe of Amaru still exists in Peru today." https://groups.io/g/tranceam/topic/tranceam_org_amaruca_land/34448481?p=
Double headed horned/plumed serpent Nazca line depicting the supernatural shapeshifting double headed serpent Amaru eating a human and vomiting them out the other head. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/humanoid-and-two-headed-snake-among-more-than-140-newly-discovered-nazca-lines-in-peru/
"The biscione[a] ("big serpent," or "dragon", also "big grass snake"), less commonly known also as the vipera[b] ("viper"), is a heraldic charge showing on argent an azure serpent in the act of eating or giving birth to a human (usually a child and sometimes described as a Moor or an Ottoman Turk). It is a historic symbol of the city of Milan, used by companies based in the city." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscione
"Images of the biscione are found throughout history in different civilizations. One of the most notable is in the representation of the Aztec god, Quetzalcoatl. Notwithstanding the similarities of these two images, since Visconti adopted the Biscione in the 1200s, and the Europeans did not meet the Aztecs until much later, it is very doubtful that the Aztec serpent had any influence on the origin of the Italian Biscione." https://johnwernlyautomotiveblog.weebly.com/blog/everything-you-want-to-know-about-the-biscioneand-then-some
"For more than a millennium, the horned or plumed serpent, known in the Tewa Pueblo language as Avanyu, has occupied a place of great importance within the culture and cosmology of the Puebloan Indians of the American Southwest. Symbolic both of earthly and supernatural phenomena — clouds, rain, lightning, bodies of water and the fusion of the terrestrial to the heavenly — its likeness has snaked itself across the steep desert rock faces and sheer cliff overhangs over thousands of miles of the temperamental desert terrain within the vast radius of what now constitutes the territories of Mexico, New Mexico, Arizona and Colorado."
"The horned serpent continues to be revered as an important deity among the Pueblos and is known by various names among the different linguistic groups, including Kolowisi (Zuni), Paaloloqangw (Hopi), and Awanyu (Tewa). … The serpent may be associated with the four (or six) directions, the colors of which the snakes also assume. Nevertheless, the Pueblo horned serpent is primarily a water serpent, an ambiguous entity both feared and respected. … His home is in springs, ponds, rivers, and ultimately the oceans, all believed to be connected under the earth’s surface, and … may cause torrential rains and floods.”
'When the final verse is sung and the last drumbeat marks the end of the dance, the single line of dancers disappears back into the silence of the kiva. The bows and arrows and kilts are put back in their proper places, where they will rest until Avanyu returns. The gathering of serpent-shaped clouds ascends again, now rising far above the treetops and wrapping the beam of sunlight inside itself, then drifting onward toward the distant canyons to the west, where wild roses grow and dragonflies flutter in springtime, toward formations in the landscape that suggest Avanyu’s very origin. It moves quickly through the thin, cool air, then dips down into the horizon and travels far beyond view. Avanyu has gone home. For now." https://www.santafenewmexican.com/magazines/bienvenidos_2014/avanyu-spirit-of-water-in-pueblo-life-and-art/article_da0e9cb8-d4b2-11e3-9331-0017a43b2370.html
"The Stawamus Chief is a granite dome located adjacent to the town of Squamish, British Columbia. It rises over 700 m (2,297 feet) above the waters of Howe Sound. The great cleft in the mountain's cliff-face in Squamish legend is a mark of corrosion left by the skin of Sínulhka, a giant two-headed sea serpent. Sínulhka once roamed the Squamish territory, its loud shrieks and aggression frightening the people in the local village of Stá7mes. Xwechtáal, a young warrior, was given the insurmountable challenge of killing the serpent.Xwechtáal pursued the two-headed sea serpent up Siyám Smánit (The Chief) where it left a striking black streak, now known as the Black Dyke. For four years, Xwechtáal pursued the serpent until he was able to slay it in a heroic charge as it rested in a lake. From the body of the serpent, Xwechtáal procured a special bone with which he was able to induce trances in other beings, an ability which granted him supernatural power in the Squamish." https://www.animist.eco/squamish
"Wave Rock is a natural rock formation that is shaped like a tall breaking ocean wave. The "wave" is about 15 m (49 ft) high and around 110 m (360 ft) long. It forms the north side of a solitary hill, which is known as "Hyden Rock". This hill, which is a granite inselberg, lies about 3 km (2 mi) east of the small town of Hyden and 296 km (184 mi) east-southeast of Perth, Western Australia. Wave Rock and Hyden Rock are part of a 160 ha (395-acre) nature reserve, Hyden Wildlife Park. More than 100,000 tourists visit every year." Wave Rock has cultural significance to Ballardong people. Local tribes believed that wave rock was a creation of the Rainbow Serpent, and was created in her wake by dragging her swollen body over the land after she had consumed all of the water in the land." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_Rock
"Over chai, elders told us about large serpents invading their village. A curse, they said. Only the correct prayers and purification rituals saved them, forcing the serpents to retreat deep into the forest. Some serpents remain trapped in the rock faces near the village, which was renamed Nagling. Geologists recognize them to be granite dykes." http://suvratk.blogspot.com/2017/06/the-serpents-of-nagling-granite.html#:~:text=The%20Serpents%20Of%20Nagling%2D%20Granite%20Intrusions%20Into%20Greater%20Himalayan%20Sequence%20Metamorphics,-Over%20chai%2C%20elders&text=It%20represents%20mid%20crustal%20material,about%2016%20million%20years%20ago.
"Chief Tauquitch once ruled over all the Indians of the San Jacinto Valley. He was a tall, handsome man, bold and cunning. At first Tauquitch ruled his people well, but gradually became arbitrary and though the Indians were dissatisfied, they feared their leader. One day, the beautiful daughter of one of the chiefs disappeared. Soon after, another was missing and another. The women trembled and the men became enraged-and they all suspected Tauquitch of the evil doing. A search confirmed their fears that Tauquitch had done away with the maidens. For this, the tribe condemned him to death by fire. Preparations were made and as the flames burned brighter about the condemned Tauquitch, the people gasped. Before their eyes, the form of the chief disappeared and a great spark of fire leaped into the air and wafted eastward toward the mountains. Then the people knew that he was a demon. The strange rumbling that may be heard even today in the depths of the high mountains was Tauquitch who had taken up an abode in a large cave. In some versions of the legend, this cave was behind Tahquitz Rock and the huge monument of stone was rolled into place before the cave, either by Tauquitch or one of his pursuers.
After Tauquitch escaped to the mountains, the Indian maidens continued to disappear. One day the brave son of the chief Tauquitch killed Algoot along a mountain trail. The chief prepared to avenge thedeath, swearing combat with the demon that now possessed the power to change his disguise at will. When all was ready, Algoot set out for the mountain to meet with Tauquitch, saying to his people, “I have not asked you to sorrow with me, to shed your tears with mine, to mingle your cries and groans with mine, at the fearful death of my noble son. I did not want to weep and sorrow and cry away the anger of my soul. I wanted my heart to keep burning hot with fury against his hated destroyer. As the sun reaches its height today, I leave my home and you my people, never to return until Tauquitch is slain. He shall die or Algoot will die. Those above cannot resist my plea for aid. Send up your prayers with mine that I may find this enemy of my people, and that I may have strength to slay him.”
Ascending the mountain, Algoot approached the valley and the cave of Tauquitch. Algoot called the demon forth to do battle. Tauquitch accepted the challenge but demanded that the battle be fought in the valley below, so that he might also do away with the Indians who came to witness the struggle.Where the San Jacinto emptied into a large lake (the spot now known as Lakeview), the battle was waged. First was an exchange of huge boulders thrown by the fighters. The piled up granite boulders in the vicinity of San Jacinto and Moreno Valley are supposed to be the result of that fateful battle. In the water, the two fought, until Tauquitch turned himself into a huge sea serpent, lashing out with his tail at Algoot. Once, he lashed out with such ferocity that the cut a gash thought to be where Lake Elsinore now lies-and the water rushed from the battleground, forming the lake to the west. Not having water to swim in, Tauquitch was helpless, and Algoot conquered. The scaly serpent was placed upon a funeral pyre. Unfortunately, some green wood was used and the spirit of Tauquitch escaped in a wreath of smoke to his cave in the San Jacinto Mountains. To this day, he hunts the region and until “Those Above” destroy his spirit, the rumblings of Tauquitch may still be heard." http://www.furbycabin.com/legend.htm
"Nagaraja guardstone 800-900 Anuradhapura period, Sri Lanka, Granite. Nagas, or serpent spirits are associated with the protection of treasure, whether in the earth or at the bottom of lakes or rivers. This figure is a 'serpent spirit king'. It would have been one of a pair, placed at the foot of the stairs leading up to a stupa to guard the reliquary mound and its sacred contents." https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-nagaraja-guardstone-800-900-anuradhapura-period-sri-lanka-granite-57405776.html
"Granite carving of a serpent Mexica*, AD 1325-1521 From Mexico A fine example of the skill of Mexica sculptors The serpent played a very important role in Mexica religion and was represented in a variety of forms. Many superb examples, carved in stone, have survived. Some were very realistic, while others were blended with fantastic elements, as in representations of Xiuhcoatl, the Fire Serpent. The Plumed Serpent, Quetzalcoatl, is also frequently depicted." https://www.gettyimages.ca/detail/news-photo/granite-carving-of-a-serpent-aztec-ad-1325-1521-from-mexico-news-photo/113493411
"In Saguache County, thousands of years of human habitation have left their mark on the diverse wetlands, sage flats, piñon-juniper uplands, ranches and farms that make up the northern edge of this closed basin. To the south lies Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve and to the west the San Juan Mountains.“The valley is a veritable crossroads of human history, a cultural corridor spanning eons of time, from Paleolithic hunters to pre-Columbian Native American cultures, from Spanish conquistadors to fur trappers, from transcontinental explorers to modern tourists in motor homes,” Along the entire hillside, variations of a stone wall or stone snake stretch in several directions. Ceremonial stone snakes spread across the San Luis Valley from La Garita north to Saguache. The stacked stones are granite weighing 175 pounds per cubic feet. Many of the larger stones may weigh as much as 300 pounds. Who placed them in this configuration and why remains unknown. Some of the granite rocks are 2 cubic feet and weigh 350 pounds each. How long did it take to build the Saguache stone snakes? That’s difficult to say, but let’s start with the stone itself. Granite weighs 175 pounds per cubic foot. With an estimated 1,962 feet in length for the snakes, that’s 172 tons or 343,350 pounds of rock to be gathered across a mountain drainage and then set into place." https://the-journal.com/articles/662#slide=0
"The Serpent Cave - Cueva de la Serpiente falls within the Archaic Great Murals Rock Art tradition, found in the central sierras of the Baja California Peninsula: San Borja, San Juan, San Francisco and Guadalupe. The two deer-headed serpents of Cueva de la Serpiente on the Baja California peninsula are spectacular and practically unique.
Today, the right-hand one is complete, with deer-like ears and antlers and a long banded body. The left-hand one has lasted less well and only the head is preserved; the rest of the serpent was painted on a section of rock that fell away. The mural is almost 8 metres wide, with more than 50 diminuitive human and animal figures.
During his expeditions in the 1970's Harry W. Crosby was overwhelmed by the cave painting of Cueva de la Serpiente; an extraordinary composition that appeared to be painted by one artist. He claimed that no other site displayed such 'fanciful' creatures or such an interrelated theme. Despite the human and deer motifs resembling the other cave painting sites in Baja California, Cueva de la Serpiente was very individual phenomenon.
In a research paper 'Cueva de la Serpiente: Interpretive Analysis of an Archaic Great Mural Rock Art Panel' by Roberto Martínez, Larissa Mendoza and Ramón Viñas (2012) the authors explain that snakes are very uncommon in the Great Mural imagery, which makes the case of the two a horned snakes with fish-like tails that preside the panel at Cueva de la Serpiente practically unique.
They offer several interpretations of this Great Mural rock art panel, found in Arroyo del Parral within the San Francisco Sierra. The panel composition, thematic, colour pallet, and site orientation, as well as ethnographical analogy and the contextual examination, are all important indicators for such interpretations. The motifs shown on the site's rock art are associated with concepts that refer to creation myths; death and the cyclical renewal of life and the seasons. The central figure of the horned serpent is present throughout the American continent and prevails in the worldview of several native cultures.
They conclude that the horned serpent is associated to water, abundance and fecundity. The two facing snakes at Cueva de la Serpiente seem to symbolize the opposition of youth - the early rain season and its wealth of resources in life - and old age - dry and sterile. Many native American world views are based on duality and binary oppositions, which seem to constitute the panel's subject: the wet season generates life and, the dry season, death. Moreover, human and animal life is created, transformed and renewed. In this way, the equinox serpent of light and shadow might reflect the marking of a moment, when the dry season ends and new life begins. The horned serpents in the panel of Cueva de la Serpiente refer us to the seasonal transition from abundance to scarcity, as well as to the individual's personal transition through life, and the process of renewal and the creation of new life."
https://www.bradshawfoundation.com/baja/serpent_cave/index.php
"In Lakota mythology, Unk Cekula (uŋȟčéǧila or uŋkčéǧila) is a serpentoid creature which was responsible for many unexplained disappearances and deaths. Her male counterpart is known as Unk Tehi. According to Sioux belief, the Unhcegila (Ųȟcéǧila) are dangerous reptilian water monsters that lived in ancient times. They were of various shapes. In the end the Thunderbirds destroyed them, except for small species like snakes and lizards." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unhcegila
"Uŋktehi, the offspring of Uŋk, have not liked human beings from the time they were put on this earth. While the destruction these terrible beings bring is feared, it is also respected. Much care is taken to show reverence, so not to incur their wrath. Uŋktehi eat people; however, when Uŋktehi are pleased, protection is offered. Uŋktehi even give good gifts occasionally."
"The Wakíŋyaŋ (thunder beings) protect humans from these water monsters in an epic battle to make the world a safer place for people to live. The two are locked forever in war as the Wakíŋyaŋ cannot chase them once they’re in the waters." https://marlenamyl.es/project/unk-unktehi/
"Unk Cekula and Unk Tehi coexisted with nature because they were only two that were sustained by nature, but if there were more monsters that needed to kill for survival it meant that more animals and people would die to feed them. This forced everyone to act, before she became the cause of chaos and fear. Over the many years in which she wreaked havoc in the hills, she was challenged by many warriors from the Lakota tribe. It was learned that the creature had offspring, and the tribes had to kill them when they began feeding on people." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unhcegila
"The Uktena haunted the lonely, isolated places of the Cherokee world the bare mountain balds, the deep vine draped ravines. In death-like silence it lay along the trails that passed through the gaps of the highest mountains ranges, in those distant and lofty places where a perpetual draft swept up out of the river valleys and moaned through the scraggled, wind-twisted timber on high. With reptilian patience it waited, waiting in silence for anyone unfortunate enough to pass its way.
The Uktena would sometimes lie in one place for untold ages without moving, until it was completely covered by humus, leaves and ferns until even trees had taken root upon its great body. Lying there, covered by countless seasons of fallen leaves and forest growth, a deer or a man might easily pass in front of its moss-covered head and mistake it for a rock projecting out of the leaves on some timbered slope. Its huge antlers could easily be mistaken for two dead trees. Should the Uktena be aroused, the unwary passer-by was in grave danger.
Many a hunter that had never returned to his village was feared to have fallen victim to the Uktena. For, just a glimpse of the glittering eye was all that it took. Just a glimpse to get the attention and tease the curiosity, and soon, even the bravest and strongest was lured into a hypnotic stupor. Once one became transfixed by the bedazzling eye death in the Uktena's savage jaws would soon follow."
"For whoever is seen by the Uktena is so dazed by the bright light that he runs toward the snake instead of trying to escape. As if this were not enough, the breath of the Uktena is so pestilential, that no living creature can survive should they inhale the tiniest bit of the foul air expelled by the Uktena. Even to see the Uktena asleep is death, not to the hunter himself, but to his family." http://www.telliquah.com/Sun.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/morelegends/uktena.htm
"Of all the daring warriors who have started out in search of the Ul��s�'t� only �g�n-uni'ts� ever came back successful. The East Cherokee still keep the one which he brought. It is like a large transparent crystal, nearly the shape of a cartridge bullet, with a blood-red streak running through the center from top to bottom. The owner keeps it wrapped in a whole deerskin, inside an earthen jar hidden away in a secret cave in the mountains. Every seven days he feeds it with the blood of small game, rubbing the blood all over the crystal as soon as the animal has been killed. Twice a year it must have the blood of a deer or some other large animal. Should he forget to feed it at the proper time it would come out from its cave at night in the shape of fire and fly through the air to slake its thirst with the lifeblood of the conjurer or some one of his people. He may save himself from this danger by telling it, when he puts it away, that he will not need it again for a long time. It will then go quietly to sleep and feel no hunger until it is again brought out to be consulted. Then it must be fed again with blood before it is used. No white man must ever see it and no person but the owner will venture near it for fear of sudden death. Even the conjurer who keeps it is afraid of it, and changes its hiding place every once ill a while so that it can not learn the way out. When he dies it will be buried with him. Otherwise it will come out of its cave, like a blazing star, to search for his grave, night after night for seven years, when, if still not able to find him, it will go back to sleep forever where he has placed it." https://cleverthings.com/people/Cherokee/history/uktena.php
"Misiginebig is an underwater horned serpent, common to the legends of most Algonquian tribes, which is said to lurk in lakes and eat humans. Their sworn enemies are the Thunder Birds, who can kill them with bolts of thunder. The name misiginebig literally means Great Serpent in the Anishinabe languages." http://www.native-languages.org/misiginebig
"From Maine and Nova Scotia to the Rocky Mountains, Indians told stories about the Great Serpent. More than a century ago the serpent was considered to be "a genuine spirit of evil." Some version of the story of the Great Flood of long ago, as recounted here, is told around the world. Nanabozho (Nuna-bozo, accented on bozo) was the hero of many stories told by the Chippewa Indians. At one time they lived on the shores of Lake Superior, in what are now the states of Minnesota and Wisconsin and the province of Ontario. One day when Nanabozho returned to his lodge after a long journey, he missed his young cousin who lived with him. He called the cousin's name but heard no answer. Looking around on the sand for tracks, Nanabozho was startled by the trail of the Great Serpent. He then knew that his cousin had been seized by his enemy. Nanabozho picked up his bow and arrows and followed the track of the serpent. He passed the great river, climbed mountains, and crossed over valleys until he came to the shores of a deep and gloomy lake. It is now called Manitou Lake, Spirit Lake, and also the Lake of Devils. The trail of the Great Serpent led to the edge of the water." http://www.ilhawaii.net/~stony/lore111.html
“Occasionally, the Parry Islanders speak of a Maji Manido, Bad Spirit, referring either to some lesser being malevolent to man, most commonly the great serpent or water spirit. Apparently, the chief enemy to man are the water-serpents, which can travel underground and steal away a man’s soul. If lightning strikes a tree near a native person’s wigwam (home) it is the thunder-manido driving away some water-spirit that is stealing through the ground to attack the man or his family. The leader of all water-serpents is Nzagima.” One had to be very careful of protecting the soul"
John Manatuwaba, a seventy-year-old Ojibwa in 1929, recalled a family who fed their soul to the serpent: “A Parry Island couple had three children, two boys who died very young and a child that died at birth. Two years ago the serpent swallowed the man’s soul. The woman then confessed that in her girlhood she had accepted a blessing from the evil serpent.”
“I recall the tales about the water-serpent,” stated a First Nations resident of Parry Island today. “It was told to us to keep the kids from going out in deep water. This kept the children safe.“I have heard that the water-serpent lives in Three Mile Lake and travels underground to Hay Bay. It was told to us that when a south wind blows and the water becomes murky the serpent is moving in the water.” According to another First Nations resident, a group of young children encountered the water-serpent in the 1950s on Parry Island. The creature was snake-like and had legs. It could travel through the forest as well as the water. One Native Elder on the Island, when asked about the water-serpent, reinforced the belief that the creature is actually a spirit." https://www.muskokaregion.com/news-story/3571845-bay-monster
"Sint-Holo or Sinti Lapitta is the great horned serpent of Choctaw and Chickasaw folklore. Although the great serpent is dangerous and may drag people to a watery death, it is also a powerful spirit guide that appears to certain people during fasting and bestows spiritual gifts upon them. As with other horned serpents of east coast tribes, Sint-Holo is the avowed enemy of the Thunder spirits, who can defeat him with their thunderbolts." http://www.native-languages.org/morelegends/sint-holo.htm
"The Sint-Holo is seen all the way from the beginning and will live on forever. This creature lives in the deepest valleys, in the deepest waters. These bodies of water are so deep they look lusa and have no bottom. The Sint-Holo drags people into the bottomless water and can only be beaten by being struck by a thunderbolt.There were some kids that were playing on the side of the mountain. Running up and down the side of the ridges, they came across a dark cave. Curious, the boys entered the cave to see what was inside. Looking at the walls, they could make out pictures, painted from pigments from clay and berries. The pictures showed a horned serpent that covered all the walls. The boys kept walking slowly until they came to a pond located inside the cave. It was dark, but the water was darker and was still. Frightened, they boys left and returned home. The next day the boys decide to go back to the cave to play in the water. When they got there, the light from the sun shined into the mouth of the cave showing more of the water. When they came up to the edge of the water, it looked lusa in color and the boys couldn’t see the bottom. Unknowingly, the boys jumped in and started to play. Some time went boy and when they decided to go home, they started to make their way out of the water. As the last boy was stepping out, he could feel a sharp pain in his foot. As he screamed, the boys looked down and could see a horned serpent locked onto the boys foot. With a jerk, the boy was dragged into the water. The boys standing by the side of the water could hear the boy screaming underwater as he went further down. The boys ran home to tell their parents and never returned. The elder finished by saying, “This is why you never play in the waters in caves. The horned serpent is a creature that preys on the weak children. The Sint-Holo is a spirit guide that can be seen in dreams and help you when you are lost. However, when it is time to feast, don’t be out when he is hungry.”https://sites.google.com/view/native-legends/the-dark-legends/the-sint-holo
The "Weewillmekq" and "Jipijka'm" is "a worm an inch long, which can make itself into a horrid monster as large as a deer; yes, and much larger. It is m'teoulin; yes, it is a great magician."
"Jipijka'm is an underwater horned serpent, common to the legends of most Algonquian tribes.It is said to lurk in lakes and eat humans."" https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/aborig/fp/fpz2f34e.html
"Known locally as U Thlen, which means 'The Thlen', it's believed to be a malevolent and evil spirit that takes the form of a huge, man-eating snake."
"And, sure enough, The Thlen would be there, waiting for them. The strange things about this spirit was that it would only attack and devour half the people passing by. If 10 people were passing by the caves, 5 would surely be killed and eaten. The only way to avoid this fate was to travel along that cursed path alone." https://www.scoopwhoop.com/This-Legend-Of-U-Thlen-The-Demon-Snake-Of-Meghalaya/
The "U Thlen" (Shapeshifting Man-eating serpent of Sohra) can change his shape and size at will and sucks up humans whole "Unlike his mother, U Thlen could not transform himself into any likeness but that of a snake, but he had power to diminish or to enlarge his size at will. Sometimes he appeared so small as to be no bigger than a string of fine thread, at other times he expanded himself to such dimensions that he could swallow a man bodily." https://www.gutenberg.org/files/37884/37884-h/37884-h.htm
"A Mohammedan servant, not long ago in Shillong, fell a victim to the charms of a Khasi girl and went to live with her. He told the following story to one of his fellow-servants, which may be set down here to show that the thlen superstition is by no means dying out. 'In the course of his married life he came to know that the mother of his Khasi wife kept in the house what he called a bhut (devil). He asked his wife many many times to allow him to see the bhut, but she was obdurate; after a long time, however, and after extracting many promises from him not to tell, she confided to him the secret and took him to the corner of the house and showed him a little box in which was coiled a tiny snake, like the hair spring of a watch. She passed her hand over it and it grew in size till at last it became a huge cobra with hood erected. The husband, terrified, begged his wife to lay the spirit. She passed her hands down its body and it gradually shrank within its box." http://folkfestivals.blogspot.com/2010/10/superstition-behind-human-sacrifice-in.html?m=1
"Amhuluk is said to live near Forkend Mountain in Oregon, where the Native Americans saw this creature with great fear.This serpent is said to go through transformations as well, each time becoming more and more formidable." http://www.blackdrago.com/fame/amhuluk.htm
"Kelpie", the loch-living water horse who tricked unsuspecting victims to mount him, only to find that the melancholy horse dramatically increased size and power, and its mane turn to serpents which wound themselves around their victim."
"An Aberdeenshire variation portrays the kelpie as a horse with a mane of serpents, whereas the resident equine spirit of the River Spey was white and could entice victims onto its back by singing " https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/15583075.scottish-myths-and-legends-vampire-fairies-shape-shifting-selkies-and-the-loch-ness-monster/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelpie
"Serpents are the animals most associated with jinn. in Islamic tradition many narratives concern a serpent who was actually a jinni. The term jann refers to both a snake and jinn. The connection between jinn and serpents are strong enough, that those who believe in jinn fear killing a serpent since a jinn might avenge the murder."
"In addition to these representations of jinn in vicinity to kingship, there were also architectural references to jinn throughout the Islamic world. In the citadel at Aleppo, the entrance gate Bab al-Hayyat made reference to jinn in the stone relief carvings of serpents; likewise, the water gate at Ayyubid Harran housed two copper sculptures of jinn, serving as talismans to ward off both snakes and evil jinn in the form of snakes." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinn
"Jann (Arabic: جان, romanized: Jānn, plural Arabic: جِنَّان, romanized: Jinnān or Arabic: جَوَان, romanized: Jawān) is the ancestor of the jinn in Islam-related beliefs. They are said to have inhabited the earth before Adam. Jann from the Semitic root jnn is an Arabic term, whose primary meaning is "to hide" and can also refer to an agile snake. It is a neuter singular for jinn, while Jinni and Jinniyya(h) are either adjectives, or masculine and feminine singulars or both. In the Quran this term appears in Surah 15:27 and Surah 27:10 to designate a supernatural creature or a serpent. Many mufassirs regard jann as the ancestors of the jinn, in contrast the jinn appliying to a wide range of supernatural creatures, and came later into existence. Some consider jann to be the first of the jinn only, and likewise identify him with Iblis or Azazil, created from the fires of samum. However, the majority distinguishes between Iblis, the father of devils and Jann the father of jinn." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jann_(legendary_creature)
"The lindworm (also called lindorm snake, lindorm in Scandinavia and Lindwurm in Germany) is a large serpent-like dragon from European mythology and folklore. The name consists of two Germanic roots meaning roughly "ensnaring serpent". In Norway and Denmark, lindorm commonly refers to a sea serpent, while in modern Dutch, lintworm refers to a kind of tubeworm. The lindworm is similar in appearance to a knucker or a Tatzelwurm, but of much larger size. Legends report either two or no legs with or without wings. The lindworms of Germanic heraldry and folklore often have legs." https://allaboutdragons.com/dragons/Lindworm
"Veles (Cyrillic Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian and Ukrainian: Велес; Polish: Weles; Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Montenegrin, Slovak, Slovenian: Veles; Ruthenian and Old Church Slavonic: Велесъ; Belarusian: Вялес, romanized: Vialies), also known as Volos (Russian: Волос, Влас, Власий), is a major Slavic god of earth, waters, and the underworld. As such he probably has been imagined as a dragon, which in the belief of the pagan Slavs is a chimeric being, a serpent that devours livestock . He is associated with cattle, the harvest, wealth, music, magic, and trickery. According to reconstruction by some researchers, he is the opponent of the supreme thunder god Perun." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veles_(god)
"The Leshy (also Leshi; Russian: леший, IPA: [ˈlʲeʂɨj]; literally, "[he] from the forest", Polish: borowy, leśnik, leśniczy, lasowik, leszy) is a tutelary deity of the forests in pagan Slavic mythology. As the spirit rules over the forest and hunting, he may be related to the Slavic god Porewit. There is also a deity, named Svyatibor (Svyatobor, Svyatibog), who is mentioned in the beliefs of the Eastern and Western Slavs as the god of forests and the lord of the leshies. His functions were identical to those of the god Veles.
The Leshy is masculine and humanoid in shape, is able to assume any likeness and can change in size and height." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leshy
"The wendigo (/ˈwɛndɪɡoʊ/) (alternative spellings listed below) is a mythological creature or evil spirit from the folklore of the First Nations Algonquin tribes based in the northern forests of Nova Scotia, the East Coast of Canada, and Great Lakes Region of Canada and in Wisconsin, United States. The wendigo is depicted as a monstrous malevolent spirit,"
"Although descriptions can vary somewhat, common to all these cultures is the view that the wendigo is a malevolent, cannibalistic, supernatural being. They were strongly associated with winter, the north, coldness, famine, and starvation."
"Wendigos are often described as giants that are many times larger than human beings, a characteristic absent from myths in other Algonquian cultures. Whenever a wendigo ate another person, it would grow in proportion to the meal it had just eaten, so it could never be full. Therefore, wendigos are portrayed as simultaneously gluttonous and extremely thin due to starvation."
Basil H. Johnston, an Ojibwe teacher and scholar from Ontario, gives a description of a wendigo:
"The Wendigo was gaunt to the point of emaciation, its desiccated skin pulled tightly over its bones. With its bones pushing out against its skin, its complexion the ash-gray of death, and its eyes pushed back deep into their sockets, the Wendigo looked like a gaunt skeleton recently disinterred from the grave. What lips it had were tattered and bloody ... Unclean and suffering from suppuration of the flesh, the Wendigo gave off a strange and eerie odor of decay and decomposition, of death and corruption." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendigo
"Roughly translated, the word ‘Wendigo’ (also spelt Windigo and Windego) means ‘the evil spirit that devours mankind. Wendigoag are said to have an insatiable hunger for human flesh - no matter how much flesh they eat, they remain hungry." https://www.ancient-origins.net/unexplained-phenomena/be-wary-wendigo-terrifying-beast-native-american-legend-insatiable-hunger
"Like the wendigo, the wechuge seeks to eat people, attempting to lure them away from their fellows by cunning. In one folktale" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wechuge
Lightning defeats Wendigo (In correlation with Thunderbird/Thunderbolt defeats Horned Serpent):
"One winter, a newly married couple went hunting with the other people. When they moved to the hunting grounds, a child was born to them. One day, as they were gazing at him in his cradleboard and talking to him, the child spoke to them. They were very surprised because he was too young to talk. "Where is that manidogisik (Sky Spirit)?" asked the baby. "They say he is very powerful and some day I am going to visit him." His mother grabbed him and said, "You should not talk about that manido that way."
A few nights later, they fell asleep again with the baby in his cradleboard between them. In the middle of the night, the mother awoke and discovered that her baby was gone. She woke her husband and he got up, started a fire, and looked all over the wigwam for the baby. They searched the neighbor's wigwam but could not find it. They lit birchbark torches and searched the community looking for tracks. At last, they found some tiny tracks leading down to the lake. Halfway down to the lake, they found the cradleboard and they knew then the baby himself had made the tracks, had crawled out of his cradleboard, and was headed for the manido. The tracks leading from the cradle down to the lake were large, far bigger than human feet, and the parents realized that their child had turned into a windigo, the terrible ice monster who could eat people.
They could see his tracks where he had walked across the lake. The manidogisik had fifty smaller manidog or little people to protect him. When one of these manidog threw a rock, it was a bolt of lightning. As the windigo approached, the manidog heard him coming and ran out to meet him and began to fight. Finally they knocked him down with a bolt of lightning. The windigo fell dead with a noise like a big tree falling. As he lay there he looked like a big Indian, but when the people started to chop him up, he was a huge block of ice. They melted down the pieces and found, in the middle of the body, a tiny infant about six inches long with a hole in his head where the manidog had hit him. This was the baby who had turned into a windigo. If the manidog had not killed it, the windigo would have eaten up the whole village (Ojibwe Oral tradition)." https://www.mpm.edu/plan-visit/educators/wirp/nations/ojibwe/oral-tradition
"In Native American myths and legends, horned serpents are usually very supernatural in character-- possessing magical abilities such as shape-shifting, invisibility, or hypnotic powers; bestowing powerful medicine upon humans who defeat them or help them; controlling storms and weather, and so on-- and were venerated as gods or spirit beings in some tribes. And unlike other animals such as crocodiles and snakes, horned serpents are not included in common Woodland Indian folktales about the animal kingdom. So it is likely that horned serpents have always been viewed as mythological spirits, not as animals, and that belief in them was simply very widespread in the eastern part of the country. Indeed, horned serpent mythology may trace back to ancestors of Eastern Native American tribes such as the Hopewell, Mississippian, and other mound-builder civilizations, as stylized serpent motifs have been found in their earthworks and artifacts which bear some resemblance to the horned serpents of historical Native American tribes." http://www.native-languages.org/horned-serpent.htm
From "Reinterpreting the Plaza de los Glifos, La Ventilla, Teotihuaca":
"In their treatment of the Plaza de los Glifos King and Gómez Chávez (2004:216) run up against these deer-serpents since they clearly do not represent a toponym, but a supernatural entity known from several cultures and languages of Mesoamerica and beyond. Outside of Mesoamerica ethnographic and linguistic data reveal the existence of similar horned serpents among several North American cultures, including the Lakota-Dakota Sioux, Creek, Cherokee, Shawnee, Fox, Ojibwa, Algonquin and Micmac." https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231997323_Reinterpreting_the_Plaza_de_los_Glifos_la_Ventilla_teotihuacan
"Going back to at least the Late Archaic period (3000-1000 BC), the artifacts and artistry of ancient Americans from southern Ontario to the Gulf Coast depict a layered cosmos consisting of an Upper World, a Middle World, and an Underworld. The Upper World is the domain of the Thunderers, or Thunderbirds, and also the location of the ‘road of the dead’ or ‘river of stars’ (the Milky Way Galaxy), which the deceased must travel upon death to reach the realm of the dead.This celestial realm is ruled by a being known to the Ojibwa as Gicimanitou (or Gitchi Manitou) —the “Great Spirit”. The Middle World is the earth and its environs, where man lives and interacts with plants, animals, soil, water, etc—usually conceived of as an “earth disk” or “great island”. In many creation stories the earth island is situated on the back of a Great Turtle, the whole being known as “Turtle Island”.The Underworld is beneath the Earth Disk, and consists of a watery abode of aquatic beasts or serpent beings and their master or boss—the Water Manitou (“Water Spirit”)—who is usually depicted as either the “Great Horned Serpent” or “Underwater Panther”. Algonkians know this Underworld ruler as Mishebeshu." https://www.ancient-origins.net/history/drowning-poisoning-and-dark-underworld-meet-king-all-snakes-wise-great-horned-serpent-native-021728
"The stories probably began in the prehistoric period and continued as the European explorers began to overwhelm the continent beginning in the sixteenth century AD. Many of the natives, who lived in the eastern half of the country that would eventually become the United States, perpetuated the stories with their beliefs in a fabled creature with several names. Some Indian groups supposedly used the titles Cat Monster or Cat Serpent for this supernatural being while others preferred to call it the Great Serpent. Additional bands called the mythical beastie Underwater Panther and many applied the designation Great Horned Water Panther or Horned Water Serpent. The Cherokee and Creek nations favored the word Uktena for this water living imaginary demon and factions along the riverine systems in the upper and central midwest dubbed the supposed being as a Paisa. But regardless of the name, the natives who lived in the latter part of the Mississippian Cultural Period, or circa AD 1400 to 1700, constructed ceramic vessels to acknowledge and worship this Manitou or natural spirit of depravity but occasionally goodness. These vessels are, today, known as the Horned Water Serpent Bowls. No one, today, realistically knows when the ancient American people conjured up this critter. It is believed that the superstition began as early as 1,000 BC but that is just guesswork based on the words of the Indians who talked to the early Spanish/English adventurers in the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries AD. All these words, though, were only passed-along oral histories since the natives had no written languages at that time. Based upon these verbal tales along with actual effigy pottery and etchings made on shell and stone, the descriptions of this giant heathen monster amalgamation came into being. Apparently all the ancient Indian peoples, regardless of whether they resided along the Great Lakes, the Mississippi River, the Georgia coastline or anywhere between, had basically the same understandings, beliefs and portrayals of this deity. Certain groups believed this serpent was a celestial god while the majority of these ancient people reputedly accepted it to be an underwater or Underworld deity. The general sectarian opinion seemed to be that there was evil underwater, whether in lakes or streams or deep in watery caves and the Horned Water Serpent could keep the wickedness in check, if the people stimulated it to do so. Or it could unleash the maliciousness onto the human population if it was not accepted and treated as a supreme being. We will probably never know just when or how the tales of this leviathan were begun but the cultural shamans or priests along with the regional kings probably had much to do with propagating the myths. For eons, around the world, society leaders have conjured up stories of devils or dragons or demons so as to gain control over their uneducated subjects. And there are no reasons to believe that the ancient Americans did not do likewise. By dreaming up this large and fearsome serpent-like apparition and convincing the general populace that it actually existed, the communal principals could have gained supreme authority." http://www.jimmausartifacts.com/the-horned-water-serpent-bowls/
"Woodworms play an important role in traditional religions of the Northwest Coast. Although small and seemingly insignificant, woodworms were considered powerful medicine animals due to their ability to bore through hard wood, and different northwestern tribes ascribed different magical powers to them, including shapeshifting, supernatural knowledge, prophecy, and healing. Woodworms are also used as a clan animal in some Native American cultures. Tribes with Woodworm Clans include the Tlingit. Woodworm is used as a clan symbol in some Northwest Coast tribes, and woodworm crests can sometimes be found carved on totem poles." http://www.native-languages.org/legends-woodworm.htm
"The head of the creature is also frequently present in anthropomorphic and zoomorphic representations of hybrid ‘monsters’, most notably the ram-horned serpent which is a well-attested cult image throughout Celtic Europe both before and during the Roman period and which appears, for example, three times on the Gundestrup Cauldron."
"As in the Gundestrup case, the enigmatic hybrid creature is often associated with the horned or antlered god Cernunnos, in whose company it is regularly depicted. This pairing is found as early as the fourth century BC, for example in Northern Italy, where a huge antlered figure with torcs and a serpent was carved on the rocks in Val Camonica. Other examples include a carving at the curative sanctuary at Mavilly (Cote d’Ôr), carvings at Beauvais (Oise) and Néris-les-Bains (Allier) in Gaul, or on an altar at Lypiatt (Gloucestershire), England (Green M. (2002) Animals in Celtic Life and Myth. Routledge). Perhaps the best known example of this hybrid creature is the ram-horned serpent represented on the cheek-piece of the Agris Helmet (dated to the 4th century BC), which was discovered in 1981 during archaeological excavations in Perrats Cave (Agris, southwestern France)."
"Despite being described by most commentators as a ‘monster’, in fact in most iconography the ram-headed serpent is depicted as a beneficent beast, evocative of plenty and fertility – representing a dualistic scheme illustrating the interdependence of life and death, and encapsulating the theme of regeneration intrinsic in Celtic religious belief." https://balkancelts.wordpress.com/2015/07/04/cernunnos-and-the-ram-headed-serpent/
"The Nahuatl term 'coatl' can be translated as both serpent and twin. The Mexica considered serpents to be pwoerful, multifaceted creatures that could bridge the spheres (the underworld, water and sky) owing to their physical and mythical characterisitics. Serpents were also associated with fertility and with water, owing to the undulating movement of their bodies. In Mexica iconography turquoise serpents (xiuhcoatl) are related to celestial events. On the Mexica Calendar Stone, two xiucoatl accompany the sun on its daily journey across the sky. Double-headed serpents (maquizcoatl) were considered to be the bearers of bad omens and were associated with elite figures." https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/E_Am1894-634
https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/ask-us/double-headed-serpent
This double-headed serpent is called “maquizcoatl,” in the Nahuatl language of the Mexica – more popularly known as the Aztecs. Often confused with the better-known figure of Quetzalcoatl, which is a single-headed feathered serpent, the Maquizcoatl is imbued with complex symbolic meaning in Mexica culture. This figure is similar to other cultural symbols, such as the Greek Ouroboros and the Chinese Yin and Yang, which represent the ideas of dualism, cycles, and balance. Meanings of the Maquizcoatl include the cycle of life propelled by death, the cycle of day and night, youth and old age, and the connection between the heavens and the underworld. It is also a symbol of the sun and war god, Huitzilopochtli and his sister, Coyolxauhqui, the goddess of the moon, as evidenced by the double-headed serpents that they wear as bracelets and anklets in depictions of the warring siblings. This sculpture is also thought to be a pectoral used in ceremonies commemorating Huitzilopochtli.
https://beperegrino.com/blogs/news/maquizcoatl
https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/ask-us/double-headed-serpent
"Votive niches, carvings, reliefs and inscriptions on fault surfaces suggest important sacred sanctuaries, particularly those with oracular functions, may have been deliberately built astride active fault traces and venerated as direct connections to the chthonic realm (‘the underworld’). Regionally, the Aegean’s distributed network of tensional faulting, circulating geothermal waters and deep-seated de-gassing sets the tectonic framework for the springs and gases that infuse the ancient Greek netherworld of caves, chasms, chambers, and sacred grottos. The possibility that seismic faults may have constituted the fulcrum of prominent sacred places means that, for all their obvious destructiveness, earthquakes may have had an unacknowledged cultural significance in Greek antiquity." https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016787817301190
"Perhaps one of the most curious creatures in the book of Genesis was the serpent. Genesis 31 says now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild animals the Lord God had made. An interesting little tidbit about the Hebrew word translated to Serpent is that it can also be translated as ‘the shining one’. I think this is interesting because usually when we see things that are deceitful and the serpent was the deceiver.
Usually, when we see things that are deceitful, they are shiny. They are pretty. They grab our attention."
https://www.kcbi.org/beware-of-the-shining-one/
"So, when 2 Corinthians 11:14 tells us that “Satan disguises himself as an angel of light,” it means that Satan capitalizes on our love of the light in order to deceive. He wants us to think that he is good, truthful, loving, and powerful – all the things that God is. To portray himself as a dark, devilish being with horns would not be very appealing to the majority of people. Most people are not drawn to darkness, but to light. Therefore, Satan appears as a creature of light to draw us to himself and his lies." https://www.gotquestions.org/angel-of-light.html
"Revelation 12:9 And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him."
"Old serpent": This is the only place in canonical Scripture where without doubt it is revealed that the 'Tempter in Eden' (Genesis 3:1) was 'the Devil' (cf. Wisdom 2:24 for a non-canonical Scripture allusion).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revelation_12#Verse_9
Just had an Anthropologist, Paranthropologist and Author (Jack Hunter) who writes books on the paranormal quote me and my friends experience. This is a big deal for me because it gives me and my friends experience more authentication like it deserves.
"Deep Weird: High Strangeness, Boggle Thresholds and Damned Data in Academic Research on Extraordinary Experience"
This article is about the stranger reaches of extraordinary experience research. It was first published in Journal for the Study of Religious Experience, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2021). The full issue can be downloaded here: https://rerc-journal.tsd.ac.uk/index.php/religiousexp/issue/view/9
"As a further illustration of these overlapping high strangeness traits: the following narrative was sent to me by an informant who was looking for help making sense of an extraordinary encounter he and a friend had while walking in the wilderness, not far from his friend’s home. My informant has given permission for the following extracts from his initial message to me to be included in this paper. He explains how he and his friend were walking away from the house, down a path toward the surrounding woodland, when:
[…] both of us immediately saw something out of place […] below about 30-40 feet away from us in between the trees [there was something] tall, white and three dimensional. It appeared to be completely white and soft like light, but it did not illuminate the trees or ground around it […] it was shaped in [an] upside down V or U […] It was so white that you could see the shadow being cast on it while it was swaying like it was a real animal […]
Instantly apparent in the context of this discussion is the anomalous ‘sense of presence’ noticed by my informant and his friend - both recognised ‘something out of place’ in their immediate environment. It is also, therefore, a shared experience, suggesting an objective anomalous presence in the woods. That the encounter was with a being of light is also a classical feature of many forms of religious experience. The unusual behaviour of the light itself - such as the fact that it did not illuminate the surrounding trees - is also a widely noted theme across a range of extraordinary experiences, including UFO encounters and near-death experiences, during which light often behaves in peculiar ways (cf. Fox, 2003; Puhle, 2013). Perhaps strangest of all is the bizarre shape of the entity - described as ‘an upside down V or U’ that swayed ‘like it was a real animal.’ The description is, to use Otto’s terminology, of something ‘wholly other.’ My informant continues his description of the entity he and his friend witnessed:
[…] It was making creepy swaying movements with its (whole body) […] It was moving left to right in a specific motion standing on the forest floor in the same area between the trees making absolutely no sound, and there was absolutely no wind. It was beautiful to look at but terrifying at the same time. We watched it in silence as it was swaying and I started to feel impending doom (the sinking feeling in your chest) "set in" and it felt like I was going to die or something bad was going to happen. I told my friend specifically "I don't like this", he agreed, and we immediately left the forest […]
This extract contains several features that further resonate with other elements of high strangeness experiences. The ‘creepy swaying movements’ of the entity, for instance, are reminiscent of the bizarre movements of the otherworldly MIB discussed above. The fact that there was “absolutely no sound, and there was absolutely no wind” recalls the ‘Oz Factor’ described by Jenny Randles in conjunction with UFO sightings and alien abductions; and Otto’s sense of the dual-natured numinous is captured vividly in the the way that the swaying entity is described as ‘beautiful to look at but terrifying at the same time,’ with the experience gradually slipping into the feeling of ‘impending doom’ and Otto’s mysterium horrendum. This is an account with a high number of anomalous information bits “each of which outrages common sense” (Hynek, 1979, p. 42). It is precisely this kind of knotting of elements that characterises high strangeness, but that also connects high strangeness experiences to other elements of extraordinary experience more generally. It is also this knotting together in a single account of numerous high strangeness threads that makes my informant’s experiential narrative so compelling, as Mike Clelland suggests: “The more complicated the interwoven details, the more valid it seems” (Clelland, 2020, p. 44)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horned_Serpent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapeshifting
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemental
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Trickster
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_spirit
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisiutl
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psai-Yah-hus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seelkee
https://www.indigenouspeople.net/twohead.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/two-face.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/legends-woodworm.htm
https://open.library.ubc.ca/cIRcle/collections/ubctheses/831/items/1.0093447
http://allaboutdragons.com/dragons/Sisiutl
https://silvertalks.com/en/categories/sisiutl/
https://www.muskokaregion.com/news-story/3571845-bay-monster/
http://collection.legacy.uvic.ca/index.php?id=3954&artifact_action=info
https://inuit.com/products/thunderbird-sisiutl-model-totem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soulcatcher
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-headed_serpent
http://www.angelfire.com/folk/sunflowerfarm/soultube.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quetzalcoatl
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kukulkan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaru_(mythology)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awanyu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Serpent
http://www.native-languages.org/weewillmekq.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/jipijkam.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/misiginebig.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/morelegends/unktehila.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unhcegila
http://www.native-languages.org/morelegends/unktehila.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/morelegends/caddaja.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/morelegends/sint-holo.htm
http://t2-words.blogspot.com/2009/01/legend-of-tahquitz-demon-of-cahuilla.html
https://www.scoopwhoop.com/This-Legend-Of-U-Thlen-The-Demon-Snake-Of-Meghalaya/
https://www.jstor.org/stable/23006005
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%81ga
http://www.dharmasculpture.com/blog/nagas-naga-kanyas-serpent-spirits-of-the-underworld/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jann_(legendary_creature)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinn
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindworm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouroboros
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taniwha
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veles_(god)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vala_(Vedic)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wihwin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelpie
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendigo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neck_(water_spirit)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakunawa
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%C5%A1ma%E1%B8%AB%E1%B8%AB%C5%AB
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%AD%C3%B0h%C3%B6ggr
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apep
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupilaq
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphisbaena
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningishzida
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambton_Worm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knucker
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyvern
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatzelwurm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caduceus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archon_(Gnosticism)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraxas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiamat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anito
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nehebkau
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galeru
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wollunqua
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masalai
http://www.native-languages.org/maneto.htm
https://warriorsofmyth.fandom.com/wiki/Anuk-Ite
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legend_of_the_White_Snake
http://cosmicserpent.org/about-us/the-cosmic-serpent.html
https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/ask-us/double-headed-serpent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpent_(symbolism)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snakes_in_mythology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpents_in_the_Bible
https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Serpent
https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sumer_anunnaki/reptiles/reptiles129.htm
https://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/nw/ttb/ttb11.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/legends-snake.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/legends-serpents.htm